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Asertividad y convivencia escolar en adolescentes de Bogotá : su relación con el apoyo social, la autoestima y la empatía

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Date
2014-07-22Author
Castillo Ramírez, Lina María
Castro González, Diego Andrey
Marín Pinilla, anngee Lorena
Rodríguez Barrera, Diana Carolina
xmlui.dri2xhtml.METS-1.0.item-advisor
Castro Muñoz, John Alexander / Asesor
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Show full item recordAbstract
Esta investigación se realizó con el fin de describir cómo se correlacionan la asertividad,
la autoestima, la percepción de apoyo social de acuerdo al tipo, y los niveles de empatía, en
adolescentes de 14 a 16 años de Bogotá, considerando la empatía como moderadora desde la
cognición social en las relaciones sociales dentro del contexto escolar. La investigación se
desarrolló con una muestra de 173 personas, 92 mujeres y 79 hombres de diferentes colegios de
la ciudad. Para esta se utilizaron 4 instrumentos, la Escala de Asertividad desarrollada para niños
por Robert Deluty (modificada al contexto colombiano), el Cuestionario de Apoyo Social MOS
(Validado en Colombia), la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg y el Índice de reactividad
Interpersonal (IRI) de Davis, para medir empatía, los cuales se responden a partir de una escala
tipo Likert. Los resultados permitieron identificar que la empatía no cumple un papel
fundamental en la moderación de las relaciones sociales que establecen los adolescentes a partir
de la cognición social, por el contrario se pudo determinar que la autoestima tiene mayor
implicación en la interacción del adolescente con otros, conforme a la valoración que este tenga
de sí mismo. This research was conducted in order to describe how was the correlation between the
assertiveness, the self-esteem, and also the perception of the social support according to the type
and levels of empathy in adolescents with an average of ages between 14 and 16 years old from
the city of Bogota. On this research it was considerate that the empathy could “work” as a social
cognitive moderator by participating in this way on social relationships within the school context.
The research was conducted with a sample of 173 participants, where 92 were women and 79
were men, all of them were from different schools all over the city. To evaluate the variables and
their relation between them – as it was proposed in this study - there were used 4 different scales.
To measure the assertiveness there were used an scale developed for asses the variable on
children, created by Robert Deluty (and modified to Colombian context), to evaluate the
perception of social support there were use the questionnaire of the perception of social support
MOS (validated in Colombia). To asses the self-esteem, there were used the scale developed by
Rosenberg, finally to measure the empathy, there were used the interpersonal reactivity index
(IRI) from Davis. The results allowed to identify that empathy were not meaninful related with
other study variables of this research. On the contrary, the results showed in general that the selfesteem was more involved in the interaction within adolescents. This and other results were
discussed.
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