Propuesta de mejora al plan de manejo ambiental del humedal jaboque, mediante la evaluación de impacto ambiental caso de estudios barrio unir II en el tercio medio del humedal, bogotá D.C.

Abstract

El humedal Jaboque se encuentra localizado en la ciudad de Bogotá localidad decima de Engativá. Recientemente se realizó la aprobación del Plan de Manejo Ambiental del humedal (PMA) con el fin de conservar el ecosistema y mejorar las condiciones de este. El PMA fue elaborado con estudios realizados entre los años 1998 y 2006 por la organización ADESSA contratada por la EAAB, siendo ese último el año de entrega del documento. Si bien el PMA fue aprobado hasta el 2015, el documento no presentó mayores cambios en comparación con la versión de 2006, razón por la cual las características, aciertos y desaciertos de ese entonces permanecieron en el texto actualmente aprobado. Con base en el PMA se dio comienzo al presente trabajo, en donde se realiza una investigación y evaluación de impacto ambiental en el caso de estudio del barrio Unir II en el tercio medio del humedal Jaboque, con el fin de determinar e identificar cuáles son las falencias u omisiones en el documento. A partir de la realización de éste trabajo se logran identificar las falencias y omisiones con el fin de brindar la propuesta de mejora para cada una. Además, se plantea una nueva alternativa de evaluación de impactos por medio de los tensores y SE, para mejorar la determinación y evaluación apropiada de un ecosistema de gran importancia y poca atención. Por último, se realiza el planteamiento de proyectos o actividades para ser incluidas dentro del PMA teniendo como propósito mejorar las condiciones actuales del humedal, enriqueciendo el documento y dándole mayor importancia al ecosistema. Los mayores hallazgos están en relación a que el PMA aprobado del Humedal Jaboque está desactualizado y las autoridades competentes no se percataron de este hecho previamente, presentándose una desinformación entre las instituciones involucradas. También se encontró que no todas las actividades han sido llevadas a su etapa de ejecución, y por lo tanto la pertinencia de la propuesta de mejora que aquí se plantea se hace evidente, logrando diseñar las actividades específicas, junto con los objetivos, cronograma y tiempos de ejecución para que sean desarrollados en fases posteriores a este trabajo de grado.

Jaboque wetland is located in Engativá, the tenth locality of Bogotá City, Colombia. Recently the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) of Jaboque’s wetland was approved with the main goal of preserving the ecosystem and improving its conditions. This EMP was done with studies between 1998 and 2006 for ADESSA organization hired by the EAAB, being 2006 the year of the delivery version of the document. Despite the fact that the EMP was approved just until 2015, the document did not present major changes in comparison with 2006 version, so the good characteristics and also the mistakes of the document by that time remained in the currently approved text. Based on that EMP, this work started and was developed. This thesis aims for evaluating the environmental impact on the case of Unir II neighborhood in the middle third of the Jaboque’s wetland, in order to determinate and identify shortcomings and omissions of the document and the way to evaluate their impacts on the ecosystem. Based on the results of this work, it was possible to identify the key shortcomings and omissions in order to propose the improvements for each one. Additionally, it is presented a new alternative for impacts evaluation using tensioners and Ecosystem Services, to improve the determination and appropriate evaluation of this important ecosystem that has had a secondary role for long time for the authorities. As a result, different projects and/or activities are proposed to be included in the Environmental Management Plan, aiming the improvement of current wetland conditions, and giving greater importance to the ecosystem. In summary, the biggest finds are related to an outdated EMP approved for Jaboque´s Wetland and that the competent authorities were not aware of it, presenting misinformation among the institutions involved. It was also found that not all activities have been carry to their implementation phase, and therefore the relevance of this work is evident, achieving design specific activities, with the objectives, timetable and execution times to be developed in subsequent phases of this dissertation.

Jaboque wetland is located in Engativá, the tenth locality of Bogotá City, Colombia. Recently the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) of Jaboque’s wetland was approved with the main goal of preserving the ecosystem and improving its conditions. This EMP was done with studies between 1998 and 2006 for ADESSA organization hired by the EAAB, being 2006 the year of the delivery version of the document. Despite the fact that the EMP was approved just until 2015, the document did not present major changes in comparison with 2006 version, so the good characteristics and also the mistakes of the document by that time remained in the currently approved text. Based on that EMP, this work started and was developed. This thesis aims for evaluating the environmental impact on the case of Unir II neighborhood in the middle third of the Jaboque’s wetland, in order to determinate and identify shortcomings and omissions of the document and the way to evaluate their impacts on the ecosystem. Based on the results of this work, it was possible to identify the key shortcomings and omissions in order to propose the improvements for each one. Additionally, it is presented a new alternative for impacts evaluation using tensioners and Ecosystem Services, to improve the determination and appropriate evaluation of this important ecosystem that has had a secondary role for long time for the authorities. As a result, different projects and/or activities are proposed to be included in the Environmental Management Plan, aiming the improvement of current wetland conditions, and giving greater importance to the ecosystem. In summary, the biggest finds are related to an outdated EMP approved for Jaboque´s Wetland and that the competent authorities were not aware of it, presenting misinformation among the institutions involved. It was also found that not all activities have been carry to their implementation phase, and therefore the relevance of this work is evident, achieving design specific activities, with the objectives, timetable and execution times to be developed in subsequent phases of this dissertation.